Bettong baby boom in South Australia first in over 100 years
One is even regarded as third generation. A female who arrived in her mother’s pouch more than six months ago now has her own joey.
Forty of the nationally endangered marsupials were reintroduced to mainland South Australia in August after being locally extinct for more than 100 years.
The brush-tailed bettongs were released at two sites in Dhilba Guuranda-Innes National Park on Yorke Peninsula in a milestone moment for Marna Banggara, an ambitious project to restore lost species to the landscape.
Researchers recently conducted a health check to see how the bettongs were doing after more than six months in their new home. All 16 animals caught, including six males and 10 females, were found in good condition with eight of the females carrying pouch young.
“The most exciting discovery for the team was that we captured the very first bettong born on Yorke Peninsula in over 100 years, and she was carrying her own joey, a tiny jellybean, inside her pouch,”
says Derek Sandow, Northern and Yorke Landscape Board Ecologist.
“This means the population is finding good sources of food and shelter to allow for breeding of the next generation.”
The bettongs also had monitoring devices fitted to their tails during the health check so researchers can continue to monitor their survival.
“Bettongs are quick and elusive creatures so it is difficult to keep tabs on their progress without a monitoring device,” says Chloe Frick, PhD student at the University of Adelaide who manages the research of the bettongs reintroduction. “The tail transmitters are a non-invasive way for us to keep an eye on the animals and see how they are managing in their new home.”
Brush-tailed bettongs once occupied more than 60 per cent of mainland Australia but introduced predators such as feral cats and foxes, and habitat loss pushed the species to the brink of extinction. The small marsupial has only survived in tiny pockets of Western Australia, offshore islands in SA and a handful of fenced sanctuaries.
Also known as a woylie, the species was the first to be reintroduced as part of Marna Banggara due to its digging abilities. As ecosystem engineers, bettongs support the landscape by turning over dirt and leaf litter while searching for food such as fungi, allowing water to seep into the soil and native seeds to germinate and disperse. One bettong can dig up anywhere between 2–6 tonnes of soil per year.
“We can already see the benefits of these little diggers on the landscape,” says Mark Davison (below left), Senior Ranger, Dhilba Guuranda-Innes National Park. “A significant weed in Dhilba Guuranda-Innes National Park, the Cape tulip, is one of the bettongs’ favourite foods. They have been digging the bulbs of the weed out from the soil and eating them, which is helping to remove this damaging weed from the park.”
A 25km predator control fence has been built across the foot of the peninsula as part of the project. It is designed to help protect the bettongs and other native species from feral predators, creating a 150,000ha safe haven comprising Dhilba Guuranda-Innes NP, remnant vegetation, conservation parks, farmland and small townships.
The next step for Marna Banggara will be to reintroduce another 80 bettongs – 40 from Western Australia and 40 from nearby Wedge Island – later this year to increase genetic diversity in the new population on Yorke Peninsula.
Other locally extinct species, such as the southern brown bandicoot, red-tailed phascogale and western quoll will also eventually be reintroduced to support the ecosystem.
“We are starting to restore the landscape to its former ecological glory by returning vital species that create healthy environments,” says Patrick Giumelli, WWF-Australia’s Rewilding Program Ecologist. “We are using nature to heal nature.”
Honouring the Traditional Custodians, the Narungga People, the name Marna Banggara originates from the Narungga dialect, with marna meaning ‘healthy or prosperous’ and banggara signifying ‘Country’. Members of the Narungga community will be involved in welcoming the next group of bettongs to Dhilba Guuranda-Innes National Park later this year.
The project is jointly funded through the Australian Government’s National Landcare Program, the Northern and Yorke Landscape Board, the South Australian Department for Environment and Water, WWF-Australia and Foundation for National Parks & Wildlife, in partnership with the Narungga Nation Aboriginal Corporation.
Find out more at marnabanggara.com.au
